2nd Maccabees Chapter 12

Incidents at Joppa and Jamnia

12:1 When these covenants were made, Lysias returned to the king*‎The writer supposes the king to be at Antioch. thinking him as as Antiochus V, The 2 raids on the coastal towns, however, must have taken place after the first campaign of Lysias, when Antiochus IV was in Persia (Iran) see 2nd Macc 9:1 and easily fit into the year 164 – From the New Jerusalem Bible, and the Jews went back to farming.
12:2 But of the governors of several places, TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here, and Apollonius the son of Genneus, also Hieronymus, and Demophon, and beside them Nicanor the governor of Cyprus, wouldn’t let them live in peace and quiet.
12:3 The men of Joppa committed such an ungodly crime: they invited the Jews that lived among them to go with their wives and children onboard the boats that they had ready, as though they didn’t mean them any harm.
12:4 and this was done by public vote of the city, When they accepted, and suspected nothing: because they wished to live peaceably took them out to sea and drowned them, at least two hundred.
12:5 When Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here heard of this cruelty done to his countrymen, he issued orders to those that were with him to get ready.
12:6 And calling on Elohimאֱלֹהִים
romanized: ʾĔlōhīm: [(ʔ)eloˈ(h)im]), the plural of אֱלוֹהַּ‎ (ʾĔlōah), is a Hebrew word meaning “gods”. Although the word is plural, in the Hebrew Bible it most often takes singular verbal or pronominal agreement and refers to a single deity particularly the God of Israel In other verses it refers to the singular gods of other nations or to deities in the plural A name for GOD — God The Creator. For more info click here the righteous Judge, attacked the murderers of his bothers, Under the cover of night set fire to the port with its boats, and slaughtered those who had taken shelter there.
12:7 Then, because the city’s gates were closed, he withdrew, intending to come back and wipe out the whole community of Joppa.
12:8 But hearing that the people in Jamnia planning to treat the Jews who were living among them the same way,
12:9 He came on the Jamnites also by night, and set fire on the port and the fleet, so that the glow of the fire was seen as far as Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלַם‎
Transliteration: yᵊrûšālam – Pronunciation: yer-oo-shaw-lah’-im – proper locative noun meaning “teaching of peace” or possession of peace – also called the city of David and Zion – the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split For more info click here thirty miles away.

The Expedition in Gilead

12:10 When they had gone barely a mile‎ The mile (1.5 km) can’t be calculated to start at Jamnia but at some point situated in Gilead see verse 13. The summarist has made an awkward start in the material taken from Jason. For details of this expedition in the summer of 163 see 1st Macc 5:9 seq.- From the New Jerusalem Bible in their journey toward TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here, no fewer than five thousand men on foot and five hundred cavalry of the Nabatacans set on him.
12:11 After a fierce battle, Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here‘ and his men, with Elohimאֱלֹהִים
romanized: ʾĔlōhīm: [(ʔ)eloˈ(h)im]), the plural of אֱלוֹהַּ‎ (ʾĔlōah), is a Hebrew word meaning “gods”. Although the word is plural, in the Hebrew Bible it most often takes singular verbal or pronominal agreement and refers to a single deity particularly the God of Israel In other verses it refers to the singular gods of other nations or to deities in the plural A name for GOD — God The Creator. For more info click here’s help, were triumphant; so that the Nomads of Arabia, begged Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here for peace, promising to surrender their livestock and to help his people in general.
12:12 Then Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here, realizing that they might be valuable in many things, granted them peace: then they shook hands, and they went to their tents.
12:13 He went also to attack a certain fortified city, closed by barricades, and inhabited by people of many races; and its name was Caspin.
12:14 But those that were inside relying on the strength of the walls and on their stock of supplies, acted incredibly insolent towards Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here and his men, ranting and blaspheming, and spewing such words like shouldn’t be spoken.
12:15 But Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here with his men, calling on the great Sovereign of the world, who without battering-rams or siege-engines of war had over thrown Jericho in the time of Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁעַ‎
Yəhōšuaʿ,(/ˈdʒɒʃuə/), lit. ‘Yahweh is salvation’) also known as Yehoshua. Yeshua or Y’shua (ישוע; with vowel pointing Hebrew: יֵשׁוּעַ, romanized: Yēšūaʿ) was a common alternative form of the name Yehoshua (Hebrew: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, romanized: Yəhōšūaʿ, lit. ’Joshua’) in later books of the Hebrew Bible and among Jews of the Second Temple period. The name corresponds to the Greek spelling Iesous (Ἰησοῦς), from which, through the Latin IESVS/Iesus, comes the English spelling Jesus meaning salvation, made a fierce assault against on the walls,
12:16 They took the city by the will of Elohimאֱלֹהִים
romanized: ʾĔlōhīm: [(ʔ)eloˈ(h)im]), the plural of אֱלוֹהַּ‎ (ʾĔlōah), is a Hebrew word meaning “gods”. Although the word is plural, in the Hebrew Bible it most often takes singular verbal or pronominal agreement and refers to a single deity particularly the God of Israel In other verses it refers to the singular gods of other nations or to deities in the plural A name for GOD — God The Creator. For more info and slaughtered incredible numbers, so that the nearby lake, a quarter of a mile across, appeared to be running over with blood

The battle of Carnaim

12:17 Then they left there ninety five miles further, until they came to the city of Charax to near the city of Tob (or Tobie) *‎Ammanitius , ruled by the Tobiad family, see 1st Macc 5:13 noted for it horse breeding. A contingent of Turbian horsemen distinguished itself in Idumaea – From the New Jerusalem Bible.
12:18 They did not find TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here, in that region: because he had already left the area, accomplishing nothing, though in one place he had left a very strong garrison.
12:19 However Dositheus and Sosipater, two of Maccabeusיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here‘ generals, marched out, and destroyed the force TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here had left in the fortress, over ten thousand men.
12:20 Maccabeusיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here divided his army in divisions, set men in command of the divisions, and went in pursuit of TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here, who had with him one hundred and twenty thousand infantry, and two thousand five hundred cavalry.
12:21 Now when TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here found out was Judas’ coming, he sent the women and the children ahead and also the baggage to a place called Karnain*‎ Site of the temple of Horned Astarte see 1 Macc 5:37 (the Nahr el-Ehrier a tributary of the River Jarmuk) the country only gets difficult farther to the south, but the summaries wants to emphasize the military heroism of Judas’ team and the resultant terror that it provoked – From the New Jerusalem Bible (or Carnaim or Karnein or Karnion): because it was an impregnable position and difficult to access because of the narrowness of all the passes that led to it.
12:22 But when Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here first division appeared, terror and fear came over the enemy at the vision to them of the All-seeing, began to escape, one running this way, and another that way, so that often they were injured by their own men and running into the points of their own swords.
12:23 Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here pursued them with a will, killing somewhere around thirty thousand men.
12:24 TimotheusΤιμόθεος
Timotheus is a masculine male name. It is a latinized version of the Greek name (Timόtheos) meaning “one who honors God”, from τιμή “honor” and θεός “god”. The English version Timothy (and its variations) is a common name in several countries. For more info click here himself fell into the hands of Dositheus and Sosipater, but he was very shrewd and convinced them to let him go with his life, on the grounds that he had many of the Jews’ parents, and the bothers of some of them, who would be put to death, if anything happened to him.
12:25 When at long last he convinced them that he honor his solemn promise to return them unharmed, they let him go, for the sake of saving their brothers.
12:26 Then Maccabeusיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here marched out to Karnaim , and to the temple of Atargatis, and there he slaughtered twenty-five thousand people.

The return by the way of Ephron and Scythopolis

12:27 completely destroying both the city and the temple, Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here then attacked the fortified city of Ephron where Lysias and a large amount of different nationalities lived, and the strong young men guarded the walls, and fought bravely: while inside there were large quantities of war-engines and missiles in reserve.
12:28 But when the Jews had called on El Shaddaiאֵל שַׁדַּי
romanized: ʾĒl Šaddāy; or just Shaddai is one of the names of the God of Israel. El Shaddai is conventionally translated into English as God Almighty (Deus Omnipotens in Latin, Arabic: الله عزوجل, romanized: ʾAllāh ʿazzawajal), but its original meaning is unclear.One of God’s names
— The Almighty God (EL= Almightyness, Shaddai = Exhaustless Bounty) For more info click here, who crushes the power of his enemies, gained control of the city, and killed twenty five thousand of the people inside,
12:29 From there they hurried on to the city of Scythopolis, about seventy miles north of Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלַם‎
Transliteration: yᵊrûšālam – Pronunciation: yer-oo-shaw-lah’-im – proper locative noun meaning “teaching of peace” or possession of peace – also called the city of David and Zion – the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split For more info click here,
12:30 The Jews who settled there told Judas how the people of the city had treated them graciously, especially in times of misfortune;
12:31 They gave them thanks, and urged them to show the same good will toward the Jews in the future: so they left for Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלַם‎
Transliteration: yᵊrûšālam – Pronunciation: yer-oo-shaw-lah’-im – proper locative noun meaning “teaching of peace” or possession of peace – also called the city of David and Zion – the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split For more info click here, the ariving just before the Festival of Weeks (Shavuot).

The Campaign against Gorgias

12:32 And after the feast, called Pentecost (Sukkot), they marched out against Gorgias the governor of Idumea,
12:33 Who met them with three thousand infantry and four hundred cavalry.
12:34 In the battle that followed, a few of the Jews were killed.
12:35 A man named Dositheus, a Jew from the city of Tob, a powerful horseman, grabbed Gorgias by his robe and began dragging him away by force; intending to take the cursed man alive, a horseman of Thracia racing on him cut off his arm, so Gorgias escaped to Marisa.
12:36 Esdrias and his men had been fighting for a long time and were exhausted, Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here prayed to YAHWEH יְהֹוָה‎
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here, to show himself to be their ally and leader in the battle.
12:37 And with that he began in his own language, and sung psalms as a battle cry, and rushing in a surprise attack on Gorgias’ men, he sent them to running.

The sacrifice for the fallen

12:38 Then Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here rallied his army, and moved  on to the city of Odollam (Adullam), It was the day before, so they purified themselves, as the was custom, and kept the Sabbathשַׁבָּת‎
romanized: Šabbāṯ, [ʃa’bat], lit. ’rest’ or ‘cessation’) is Judaism’s day of rest on the seventh day of the week—i.e., Saturday. On this day, religious Jews remember the biblical stories describing the creation of the heavens and earth in six days and the redemption from slavery and the Exodus from Egypt, and look forward to a future Messianic Age. Since the Jewish religious calendar counts days from sunset to sunset, Shabbat begins in the evening of what on the civil calendar is Friday For more info click here there.
12:39 The next day, they came to find, Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here as it had now become urgent for his company to pick up the fallen bodies, and to lay to rest in their family tombs.
12:40 And under the coats of everyone that was killed they found objects dedicated to the idols of the Jamnites, which is forbidden for the Jews by the Torahתּוֹרָה‎
Tōrā,/ˈtɔːrə, ˈtoʊrə/; law, teaching, direction, instruction – The first five books of the Bible or also called “the books of Moses” comes from an archery term meaning to shoot to wear, it became clear why these men had been killed.
12:41 Everyone then started praising YAHWEH יְהֹוָה‎
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here, the righteous Judge, who had revealed the things that were hidden,
12:42 and they begged Him that this sin might be completely blotted out. Besides, that the honorable Judasיהודה המכבי
romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi Judah Maccabee (or Judas Maccabaeus /mækəˈbiːəs/, also spelled Maccabeus was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire (167–160 BCE). The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah (“Dedication”) commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BCE, after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it. For more info click here urged the people to steer themselves away from sin, because they had seen with their eyes the things what had happened to those men who had sinned.
12:43 After this he took a collection man by man, to the totaling about four pounds of silver, he sent it to Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלַם‎
Transliteration: yᵊrûšālam – Pronunciation: yer-oo-shaw-lah’-im – proper locative noun meaning “teaching of peace” or possession of peace – also called the city of David and Zion – the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split For more info click here to provide for a sin offering. In doing this he acted very well and honorably, prompted by his belief in of the resurrection:
12:44 Because if he hadn’t hoped that those that were killed would rise from the dead, it would had been unnecessary and vain to pray for the dead.
12:45 But if he the view to the splendid reward that is reserved for those who fall asleep in godliness, a holy and devout thought, so he had this sin offering for the dead, that they might be set free from their sin.