My Study Bible

1st Samuel Chapter 18

Johnathon loves David

18:1 WHEN Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
finished speaking with Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
, Jonathan’s soul became bound up with the soul of Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, and Jonathan loved Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
as himself.

18:2 Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
took him [into his service] that day, and would not let him return home to his father’s house.

18:3 Jonathan and Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
made a pact, because [Jonathan] loved him as himself.

18:4 And Jonathan took off the cloak and tunic that he was wearing, and gave them to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, together with his sword, and to his bow, and to his belt.

Saul’s envy and fear

18:5 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
went out [with the troops] where ever Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
sent him, he was very successful in every mission on which Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
sent him, and Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
put him over the soldiers, this pleased all the troops and all the people, and also all of Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s servants.

18:6 When the [troops] came home, and Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
returned from the killing of the Philistine, that the women came out, singing and dancing, to greet King Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
, with tabretsThe timbrel or tabret (also known as the tof of the ancient Hebrews, the deff of Islam, the adufe of the Moors of Spain) was the principal percussion instrument of the ancient Israelites. It resembled either a frame drum or a modern tambourine. , with joy, and with sistrums (plural: sistra or (in Latin) sīstra;[1] from the Greek σεῖστρον seistron of the same meaning; literally “that which is being shaken”, from σείειν seiein, “to shake” is a musical instrument of the percussion family, used most notably by the ancient Egyptians. It consists of a handle and a U-shaped metal frame, made of brass or bronze and ranging from (12–30 in) in width..

18:7 And the women answered one another as they played, and they chanted:

Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
has slain his thousands;

Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
his ten thousands!

18:8 And Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
was very angry, and the saying displeased him; and he said, “They have given to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
ten thousands, and to me they have given but thousands: and what can he have more but the kingdom?

18:9 And Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
kept a jealous eye on Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
from that day and forward.

Evil Spirit from God

18:10 ¶ And it came to pass on the next day, that the evil spirit of Elohimאֱלֹהִים
romanized: ʾĔlōhīm: [(ʔ)eloˈ(h)im]), the plural of אֱלוֹהַּ‎ (ʾĔlōah), is a Hebrew word meaning “gods”. Although the word is plural, in the Hebrew Bible it most often takes singular verbal or pronominal agreement and refers to a single deity particularly the God of Israel In other verses it refers to the singular gods of other nations or to deities in the plural A name for GOD — God The Creator
gripped Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
, and he raved in the middle of the house: while Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
was playing [the lyre] as he did daily, There was a spear in Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s hand.

18:11 And Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
threw the spear; thinking I will pin Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
to the wall with it. Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
avoided him twice.

18:12 Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
was afraid of Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, because YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
was with him, and had turned away from Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
.

18:13 So Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
removed him from his presence and made him his captain over a thousand to march at the head of the troops.

18:14 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
was successful in all his undertakings, for the YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
was with him.

18:15 and when Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
saw that he was successful, he dreaded him.

18:16 All Israel and Judah loved Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, because he marched at their lead.

18:17 Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
said to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, Here is my elder daughter Merab, I will give you to in marriage: in return you will be my warrior and fight YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
’s battles. Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
thought, Let not my hand strike him, but let the hand of the Philistines strike him.

18:18 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
replied to Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
, Who am I? and what is my life, or my father’s family in Israel, that I should be son in law to the king?

18:19 But at the time when Merab Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s daughter should have been given to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, that she was given unto Adriel the Meholathite in marriage.

18:20 Now Michal Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s daughter had fallen in love with Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
: and it was told to Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
, he was pleased.

18:21 Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
thought, I will give him her, that she may serve as a snare for him, so that the hand of the Philistines may kill him. So Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
said to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, You can become my son in law even now through the second one.

Michal’s dowry

18:22 ¶ And Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
commanded his servants, to say to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
secretly, and say, Look, the king is fond of you, and all his servants love you: So why not be the king’s son in law?

18:23 When Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s servants repeated those words to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
. And Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
replied, seems it to you a light thing to be a king’s son in law, seeing that I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed?

18:24 And the servants of Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
told him, saying, On this manner spoke Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
.

18:25 And Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
said, Y’all say this to David, The king desires not any dowry, but an hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king’s enemies. Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
intended to bring about Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
‘s death at the hand of the Philistines.

18:26 When his servants told this to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, it pleased Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
the idea to becoming the king’s son in law. Before the days had expired,

18:27 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
went out, with his men, and killed of the Philistines two hundred men; and Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
brought their foreskins, and they were counted out for the king, that he might be the king’s son in law. Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
then gave him Michal his daughter in marriage.

18:28 ¶ And Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
realized that YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
was with Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, and that Michal Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s daughter loved him.

18:29 Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
grew still more afraid of Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
; and Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
became Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
’s enemy ever after.
18:30 Then the princes of the Philistines marched out to battle: and every time they marched out, Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
was more successful than all the other officers of Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
; so that his reputation soared.

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