1st Samuel Chapter 20

Jonathan covenants with David

20:1 DAVID fled from Naioth a biblical place located in Ramah. The prophet Samuel and the anointed one David took refuge together there after David’s escape from the jealous anger of King Saul. The word may mean “living places” or “dwellings”.McClintock and Strong suggest that “from an early date [Naioth] has been interpreted to mean the huts or dwellings of a school or college of prophets over which Samuel presided”. in Ramathaim-Zophimרמתיים־צופים
also called Ramah רָמָה‎ and Ramatha in the Douay–Rheims Bible translation (Ramathaimsophim in the Vulgate), is a city from the Hebrew Bible, the home town and resting place of prophet Samuel. The name of the town means “the heights of the views.” For more info click here

, he came to Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
and said, What have I done? what is mine crime? and what is my sin against your father, that he seeks my life?

20:2 He said to him, Just watch! You shall not die: My father will not do anything great or small, without disclosing it to me: and why should my father hide this matter from me? It cannot be.
20:3 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
swore further, your father knows well you are fond of me and has decided; Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
must not learn of this or he be grieved. But as YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
lives, and as you live, there is but a step between me and death.

20:4 Then said Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, Whatever you want, I will do it for you.

20:5 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
said to Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
, Tomorrow is the new moon, and I am to sit with the king at the meal. Instead let me go and will hide myself in the field until the third evening.

20:6 If your father misses me at all, you say, Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
asked my permission to run
down to Beth-lehem his hometown,: for there is a yearly feast there for the whole family.
20:7 If he says, Good; your servant is safe; but if he is angry, then be sure that he is resolved to do [me] harm.
20:8 Deal faithfully with your servant; since you have taken your servant into a covenant of YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
with you: And if there I am guilty, kill me yourself; but don’t make me go back to your father.

20:9 And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
said, Far be it from you: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon you, then would not I tell it you?

20:10 Then said Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
to Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
, Who shall tell me? or what if your father answer you roughly?

20:11 ¶ And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
said to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field.

20:12 And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
said to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, O YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
God of Israel, when I have searched my father about tomorrow any time, or the third day, and, see, if there be good toward Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, and I then send not to you, and show it you;

20:13 YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
do so and much more to Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
: but if it please my father to do you evil, then I will tell you, and send you away, that you may go in peace: and YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
be with you, as he has been with my father.

20:14 And you shall not only while yet I live show me the kindness of YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
, that I die not:

20:15 But also you shall not cut off your kindness from my house forever: no, not when YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
has cut off the enemies of Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
every one from the face of the earth.

20:16 So Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
made a covenant with the house of Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, saying, Let YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
even require it at the hand of David’s enemies.

20:17 And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
caused Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.

Jonathan’s token to David

20:18 Then Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
said to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, Tomorrow is the new moon: and you shall be missed, because your seat will be empty.

20:19 And when you have stayed three days, then you shall go down quickly, and come to the place where you did hide yourself when the business was in hand, and shall remain by the stone Ezel.
20:20 And I will shoot three arrows on the side of it, as though I shot at a mark.
20:21 And, I will order the lad go, find out the arrows. If I call to the lad, Hey, the arrows are on this side of you, then you are safe: for there is on danger to you, and no hurt; as YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
lives.

20:22 But if, instead, I say so to the lad, Hey, the arrows are beyond you; then leave, for YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
has sent you away.

20:23 And as for the promise we made you and I may YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
be between you and me forever.

Saul’s great anger

20:24 Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
hid himself in the field: and when the new moon came, the king sat him down to eat meat.

20:25 When the king sat upon his seat, as usual, on the seat by the wall: and Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
rose, and Abner sat by Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s side, and Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
’s place was empty.

20:26 That day Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
did not say anything: for he thought, Something has bad has happened to him, he is not clean; surely he is not yet clean.

20:27 But on the next day, which was the second day of the month, that Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
’s place was empty: and Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
said to Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
his son, Why didn’t the son of Jesse to the meal yesterday or today?

20:28 And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
answered Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
, Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
begged leave of me to go to Bethlehemבֵּית לֶחֶם
/ˈbɛθlɪhɛm/; Bet Leḥem literally “house of bread”.”
:

20:29 He said, Please let me go for our family has a feast in the city; and my brother, he has summoned me to be there. Do me favor, let me slip away and see my brothers. That is why he has not come to the king’s table.
20:30 Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
’s flew into a tantrum against Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
, and he said to him, you son of the perverse rebellious woman, I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness?

20:31 For as long as the son of Jesse lives upon the earth, you or your kingdom shall not be accepted. Now then send and bring him to me, for he will certainly die.
20:32 But Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
answered Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
his father, and said to him, Why shall he be killed? what has he done?

20:33 At that, Saulשָׁאוּל
(/sɔːl/;, Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. ”asked/prayed for”) For more info click here
threw his javelin at him to strike him down. Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
knew then that his father was determined to kill Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
.

20:34 So Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
got up from the table in fierce anger. He ate no more meat on the second day of the month: because he was grieved about Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, because his father had humiliated him.

Parting of Jonathan and David

20:35 ¶ In the morning, Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
went out into the field at the time appointed with Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, and a little lad with him.

20:36 He said to the lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
20:37 When the lad came to the place where the arrows Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
had shot, Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
yelled at the lad, and said, Hey the arrows are beyond you!

20:38 And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
yelled at the lad, Quick hurry, don’t stop. So Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
’s lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.

20:39 But the lad knew nothing: only Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
and Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
knew the arrangement.

20:40 And Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
gave his gear to the lad, and said to him, Go, carry them into the city.

20:41 ¶ When the lad was gone, Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
rose up out of a place toward the south, and flung himself face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed each other, and wept together, Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
wept the longest.

20:42 Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
said to Davidדָּוִד
/ˈdeɪvɪd/; romanized: Dāwīḏ, “beloved one”) Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE. For more info click here
, Go in peace, for as much as we have sworn both of us in the name of YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
, saying, YAHWEH יְהֹוָה
Hebrew Yəhōwā, one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton יהוה‎ (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. It is considered one of the seven names of God in Judaism and a form of God’s name in Christianity. Covenant making covenant keeping GOD. For more info click here
be between you and me, and between your offspring and mine forever. And he left: and Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן
Yəhōnāṯān “Yahweh has gifted” For more info click here
went back to the city.

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